Colloidal Silicon Dioxide: Glidant, Anti-Caking Agent and Adsorbent
Colloidal silicon dioxide (fumed silica, e.g., Aerosil) is an ultrafine, amorphous silicon dioxide with an extremely high specific surface area (typically 200–300 m²/g). It is the gold-standard glidant in solid dosage form development, dramatically improving powder flow at low concentrations. Beyond flow enhancement, it acts as an adsorbent for liquid or semi-solid actives and as a viscosity modifier in liquid formulations.
Product Profile
| CAS Number | 7631-86-9 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | SiO₂ |
| Appearance | White, fluffy, extremely light amorphous powder |
| Function | Glidant / anti-caking agent / adsorbent / viscosity modifier |
| Typical Use Level | 0.1–1.0% as glidant; 1–5% as adsorbent carrier |
| Compendial Grade | EP / USP-NF / JP |
Formulation Applications
At concentrations of 0.1–0.5%, colloidal silicon dioxide eliminates sticking and bridging in hoppers and improves die filling during tablet compression. It is essential in direct compression formulations where powder flow directly impacts weight uniformity. When used at higher levels (1–5%), it converts oily or semi-liquid drugs into free-flowing powders suitable for encapsulation (e.g., vitamin E, essential oils). In topical and oral suspensions, it functions as a thixotropic thickener. Colloidal SiO₂ is also used as a stabiliser in effervescent formulations to prevent premature reaction by adsorbing surface moisture.
Why Source from TCS
TCS supplies Colloidal Silicon Dioxide in pharmaceutical grade to formulators across Europe. Available in standard packaging with flexible quantities for R&D through production scale. Contact us with your application and volume requirements.
FAQ
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