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Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is the disulfide-linked dimer formed when two molecules of reduced glutathione (GSH) are oxidised and joined via a disulphide bond. Together, GSH and GSSG constitute a critical cellular redox couple that helps regulate oxidative balance, signalling pathways and detoxification processes. The ratio of GSH to GSSG is a widely used indicator of
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Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine and glycine, and is one of the most important intracellular antioxidants and detoxification agents in human biology. It participates in redox balance, phase II biotransformation of xenobiotics and protection of cellular components against oxidative damage. Depletion of glutathione has been associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, ageing
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Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, CAS 149-91-7) is a naturally occurring phenolic acid found in tea, grapes, gallnuts and many plant-based materials. It is widely recognised as a benchmark antioxidant, frequently used as a reference standard in assays assessing radical-scavenging and antioxidant capacity. Beyond its analytical role, gallic acid demonstrates anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and potential anticancer activities
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Gabapentin (CAS 60142-96-3) is an anticonvulsant and analgesic API widely used for the management of partial seizures, postherpetic neuralgia and other neuropathic pain conditions. Although structurally related to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), it does not bind directly to GABA receptors. Instead, gabapentin binds with high affinity to the α2δ-1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, reducing calcium
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Fulvestrant (CAS 129453-61-8) is a selective oestrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and pure oestrogen receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hormone receptor–positive (HR+), HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. It binds competitively to the oestrogen receptor, accelerates its degradation and eliminates receptor-mediated signalling, thereby inhibiting tumour growth in ER-dependent cancers. Fulvestrant 129453-61-8 supplied by TCS